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Mechanical Properties of Ceramic/Polymer Blocks for CAD/CAM Dental Restoration

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°í¿µ¹« ( Ko Yeong-Mu ) - Á¶¼±´ëÇб³ Ä¡ÀÇÇÐÀü¹®´ëÇпø Ä¡°úÀç·áÇб³½Ç

Abstract

CAD/CAM ±â¼úÀº 1980³â´ë¿¡ Ä¡°ú¿¡ µµÀԵǾî, ´Ù¾çÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ÇöÀç ³Î¸® »ç¿ëµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. CAD/CAMÀº ´Ü½Ã°£¿¡ ¿ì¼öÇÑ Ç°ÁúÀÇ ¼öº¹¹°À» Á¦ÀÛÇÏ¿© ȯÀÚÀÇ ¸¸Á·µµ¸¦ ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ³ëµ¿·ÂÀ» Àý°¨ÇÏ¿© ºñ¿ëÀÇ È¿À²¼ºÀ» ³ôÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ°í, ±â°øÀÛ¾÷ Áß¿¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ½Ç¼ö ¹× °¨¿° °¡´É¼ºµµ ÁÙÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¼öº¹ ÈÄ¿¡ ¿¹±âÄ¡ ¾ÊÀº ¹®Á¦°¡ ¹ß»ýÇÒ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ÀúÀåµÇ¾î Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ½Å¼Ó Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô ´Ù½Ã ¸¸µé ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ±â°ø ÀÛ¾÷¿¡¼­´Â »ç¿ëÇϱ⠾î·Á¿ü´ø »õ·Î¿î Àç·á¸¦ CAD/CAM¿¡¼­´Â ¿ëÀÌÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö À־ ¼öº¹¹°ÀÇ ¹°¼ºÀ» Çâ»ó½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ»óÀûÀÎ Ä¡°ú ¼öº¹À» À§Çؼ­´Â ¼Õ»óµÈ Ä¡¾Æ¸¦ ±¸Á¶¿Í ¹°¼ºÀÌ ÀÚ¿¬Ä¡¿Í À¯»çÇÑ Àç·á·Î ´ëüÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷Çϸç, ½É¹Ì¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ü½ÉÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö°í, ¾Æ¸»°¨°ú °°Àº ±Ý¼Ó ¼öº¹¹°ÀÇ °Ç°­°ú ȯ°æ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ È¯ÀÚµéÀÇ °ü½ÉÀÌ ¿¬°èµÇ¸é¼­ ±Ý¼Ó ¼öº¹¹°ÀÇ ¼ö¿ä´Â ÁÙ¾îµé°í, ¼¼¶ó¹Í ¼öº¹¹°ÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÏ°í Ãß¼¼ÀÌ´Ù. ¼¼¶ó¹ÍÀº »ýü ģȭ¼ºÀÌ ¿ì¼öÇÒ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, È­ÇÐÀû ³»±¸¼º°ú »öÁ¶ ¾ÈÀü¼ºÀÌ ÁÁ°í, ÀÚ¿¬Ä¡¿Í À¯»çÇÑ »öÁ¶¸¦ ¶ç´Â Ư¡ÀÌ À־ ÀÌ¹Ì ¿À·¡ÀüºÎÅÍ Ä¡°ú ¼öº¹Àç·á·Î »ç¿ëµÇ¾î ¿ÔÀ¸³ª, Ã뼺ÀÌ À־ ±úÁö±â ½±°í, °æµµ°¡ ³ô¾Æ¼­ ´ëÇÕÄ¡ÀÇ ¸¶¸ð°¡ ½ÉÇؼ­ ±³ÇÕÀÇ ºÒ±ÕÇüÀ» À¯¹ßÇϸç, CAD/CAM °¡°ø½Ã chippingÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϱ⠽±´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ÇÑ°è·Î ÁöÀûµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù. º» ³í¹®¿¡¼­´Â Ä¡°ú¿ë CAD/CAM ¼¼¶ó¹Í/°íºÐÀÚ ºí·Ï »ó¿ë Á¦Ç°ÀÎ Polyglass(º£¸®ÄÞ, Çѱ¹)¿Í Enamic(Vita, µ¶ÀÏ)ÀÇ ±â°èÀû ¹°¼º¿¡ °üÇÏ¿© ¿¬±¸ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÁÖ»çÀüÀÚÇö¹Ì°æÀ¸·Î °üÂûÇÏ¿© Polyglass´Â ·¹Áø matrix¿¡ ¼¼¶ó¹Í ÇÊ·¯°¡ ºÐ»êµÈ ±¸Á¶ÀÌ°í, EnamicÀº ¼¼¶ó¹Í matrixÀÇ ±â°ø¿¡ ·¹ÁøÀÌ Ä§ÅõµÈ ±¸Á¶ÀÓÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±â°èÀû ÇÏÁß¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÀ·Â-º¯Çü °Åµ¿Àº Á÷¼±ÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Ù°¡ Æı«µÇ´Â ÀüÇüÀûÀÎ ¼¼¶ó¹ÍÀǰŵ¿À» ³ªÅ¸³»¾ú´Ù. ±¼°î°­µµ´Â Polyglass (132.30¡¾7.07 MPa)°¡ Enamic (113.73¡¾10.93 MPa)º¸´Ù À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô ³ô¾Ò°í(p<0.05), ¿ÍÀÌºí °è¼öµµ Polyglass°¡ 22.46À¸·Î EnamicÀÇ 12.72º¸´Ù ³ô¾Ò´Ù. ź¼ºÀ²Àº EnamicÀÌ Polyglassº¸´Ù ¾à 2¹è ³ô°í, °æµµµµ Enamic 2.18¡¾0.52 GPa·Î Polyglass (0.86¡¾0.09 GPa)°¡ º¸´Ù À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô ³ôÀº °ªÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»¾úÀ¸¸ç(p<0.05), PolyglassÀÇ °æµµ°¡ ÀÚ¿¬Ä¡ÀÇ »ó¾ÆÁú°ú À¯»çÇÑ ¼öÁØÀ̾ú´Ù. ¾ÐÀÔ ±Õ¿­¹ýÀ¸·Î ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ Æı«ÀμºÀº Polyglass°¡ 1.47¡¾0.73 MPa¡îm·Î EnamicÀÇ 1.21¡¾0.51 MPa¡îmº¸´Ù ³ô¾ÒÀ¸³ª, À¯ÀÇÂ÷´Â ¾ø¾ú´Ù(p>0.05). °á·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î ±¼°î°­µµ, ¿ÍÀÌºí °è¼ö, Æı«ÀμºÀº Polyglass°¡ ³ôÀº °ªÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½ ¹Ý¸é, ź¼ºÀ²°ú °æµµ´Â EnamicÀÌ ³ôÀº °ªÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»¼­ °íºÐÀÚ ¸ÅÆ®¸¯½º ±¸Á¶ÀÎ Polyglass°¡ °­µµ¿Í Æı«Àμº¿¡ À¯¸®ÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ¾úÀ¸³ª, Polyglass¿Í Enamic¿¡ »ç¿ëµÈ ¼¼¶ó¹Í°ú °íºÐÀÚÀÇ ¼ººÐÀÌ ´Ù¸¦ »Ó ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÇÔ·®°ú Å©±âµµ ´Þ¶ó¼­ °è¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¿¬±¸°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¸ç, ±â°èÀû ¹°¼ºÀÇ ÃøÁ¤ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ´Þ¸®ÇÑ´Ù¸é °á°ú°¡ ´Þ¶óÁú ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÌ¿¡ °üÇؼ­µµ Ãß°¡ÀûÀÎ ¿¬±¸°¡ ±â´ëµÈ´Ù.

The goal for restorative dentistry is to replace lost tooth substance by a restorative material whose properties are similar to a natural tooth. The increasing demand for esthetics, combined with health and environmental concerns about some metallic restorations, has stimulated research in metal-free restorations. For this purpose, CAD/CAM technology has been introduced in dentistry 3 decades ago and is rapidly becoming popular. It reduces the number of clinical sessions and increased quality in a shorter period of time. Furthermore, allows to extend the use of ceramics with life-like appearance, color stability, chemical stability, have good mechanical and optical properties, as well as excellent biocompatibility. Although ceramics has been widely used for dental CAD/CAM blocks, still experience a relatively high f ailure r ate due to the brittlene ss. Another potential hazard i s e xce ssive we ar o f the opposing t ee th due to the high hardness. Ceramic/polymer composite blocks, so called resin nanoceramics or hybrid ceramics have recently been introduced to the market. They improved the machinability and edge stability with suppressing the brittleness. They are easier to operate and repair if necessary. The mechanical p rope rties of two c ommercially a vailable de ntal C AD/CAM b locks, P olyglass (Ve ricom, K orea) a nd Enamic (Vita, Germany), were investigated in this study. Commercial blocks were cut into (4.0¡¿1.2¡¿17.0) mm to determine the flexural strength with a three-point bending test. The surface microhardness and fracture toughness were also measured. Weibull characteristics and elastic modulus were calculated. Polyglass consists of irregular-shaped ceramics in an organic resin matrix, while Enamic composes ceramic network infiltrated with cured polymers. Polyglass showed higher values in flexural strength (132.30¡¾7.04 MPa), Weibull modulus (22.46) and fracture toughness (1.47¡¾0.73 MPa¡îm) than those of Enamic (113.73¡¾10.93 MPa, 12.72, and 1.21¡¾0.51 MPa¡îm). In contrast, Enamic exhibited higher values in elastic modulus (7.0¡¾0.4 GPa) and hardness (2.18¡¾0.52 GPa) than those of Polyglass (5.1¡¾0.8 GPa and 0.86¡¾0.09 GPa).

Å°¿öµå

Ä¡°ú; ½É¹Ì¼öº¹; CAD/CAM ºí·Ï; º¹ÇÕ·¹Áø; ¼¼¶ó¹Í; °­µµ; ¿ÍÀÌºí ºÐ¼®; Æı«Àμº; °æµµ
Dental; Aesthetic restoration; CAD/CAM; Block; Composite resin; Ceramic; Strength; Weibull analysis; Fracture toughness; Hardness

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